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(This is the second part of NJSTAR USER MANUAL. Read NJSTAR1.DOC first)
=============================================================================
10. JAPANESE CHARACTER INPUT
============================
This section describes NJStar's functions related to Japanese character
input. All functions are listed under the "Input" (╞■╬╧) menu item.
NJStar supports all 6,879 JIS characters; 6,355 kanji divided in two levels
(Level 1: 2,965 kanji arranged by pronunciation; Level 2: 3,390 kanji
arranged by radical), 83 Hiragana, 86 Katakana, 10 numerals, 52 Roman
characters, 147 symbols, 66 Russian characters, 48 Greek characters, and 32
line elements for making charts. NJStar also includes some extra symbols,
which you can extend by adding some custom-made characters. Run JISFONT.EXE
to add more characters to the standard character set.
FUNCTION <KanaKanjiInput> [Alt+F3] ñ½ñ╩┤┴╗·╞■╬╧ Kana-Kanji Input
Sets NJStar's input method to Kana-Kanji. When entering KanaKanji mode, the
left end of the bottom line displays a sign of "KanaKan" (ñ½ñ╩┤┴). This is a
phonetic input method based on romaji input method and is the new primary
input method for NJStar, replacing the Romaji input described next.
Mouse: point the mouse cursor at the left end of the bottom line and click
the left button once, to toggle between KanaKanji, Romaji and ASCII mode.
With this input method, alphabetic letters (a-z, A-Z) and the single quote
['] and the minus sign [-] are used to input Japanese phonetic sound. All
other ASCII characters may be entered into the editing screen. While all the
numbers are entered in plain ASCII codes, symbols such as "$, %, \" are
entered by default in JASCII codes. Please see the function <ASCinput> for
details concerning how to enter ASCII and JASCII characters.
(1) Entering Hiragana
Hiragana can be typed directly into editing screen by typing Romaji sound in
lower case letters (a-z).
NJStar uses the following table to translate romaji to Hiragana
automatically as Romaji is being typed in.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- í╝ dja ñ┬ñπ fyo ñ╒ñτ jo ñ╕ñτ myu ñ▀ñσ re ñ∞ ta ñ┐ xa ñí
a ñó dje ñ┬ñº fyu ñ╒ñσ ju ñ╕ñσ n ñ≤ ri ñΩ te ñ╞ xe ñº
ba ñ╨ dji ñ┬ ga ñ¼ jya ñ╕ñπ n' ñ≤ ro ñφ ti ñ┴ xi ñú
be ñ┘ djo ñ┬ñτ ge ñ▓ jye ñ╕ñº na ñ╩ ru ñδ to ñ╚ xka Ñ⌡
bi ñ╙ dju ñ┬ñσ gi ñ« jyi ñ╕ ne ñ═ rya ñΩñπ tsa ñ─ñí xke Ñ÷
bo ñ▄ do ñ╔ go ñ┤ jyo ñ╕ñτ ni ñ╦ rye ñΩñº tse ñ─ñº xo ñ⌐
bu ñ╓ du ñ╔ñÑ gu ñ░ jyu ñ╕ñσ no ñ╬ ryo ñΩñτ tso ñ─ñ⌐ xtu ñ├
bya ñ╙ñπ dya ñ╟ñπ gya ñ«ñπ ka ñ½ nu ñ╠ ryu ñΩñσ tsu ñ─ xu ñÑ
bye ñ╙ñº dye ñ╟ñº gye ñ«ñº ke ñ▒ nya ñ╦ñπ sa ñ╡ tu ñ─ xwa ñε
byo ñ╙ñτ dyo ñ╟ñτ gyo ñ«ñτ ki ñ¡ nye ñ╦ñº se ñ╗ tya ñ┴ñπ xya ñπ
byu ñ╙ñσ dyu ñ╟ñσ gyu ñ«ñσ ko ñ│ nyo ñ╦ñτ sha ñ╖ñπ tye ñ┴ñº xyo ñτ
cha ñ┴ñπ dza ñ┬ñπ ha ñ╧ ku ñ» nyu ñ╦ñσ she ñ╖ñº tyi ñ┴ xyu ñσ
che ñ┴ñº dze ñ┬ñº he ñ╪ kya ñ¡ñπ o ñ¬ shi ñ╖ tyo ñ┴ñτ ya ñΣ
chi ñ┴ dzi ñ┬ hi ñ╥ kye ñ¡ñº pa ñ╤ sho ñ╖ñτ tyu ñ┴ñσ ye ñ¿
cho ñ┴ñτ dzo ñ┬ñτ ho ñ█ kyo ñ¡ñτ pe ñ┌ shu ñ╖ñσ u ñª yo ñΦ
chu ñ┴ñσ dzu ñ┼ hu ñ╒ kyu ñ¡ñσ pi ñ╘ si ñ╖ va Ñ⌠Ñí yu ñµ
cya ñ┴ñπ e ñ¿ hya ñ╥ñπ ma ñ▐ po ñ▌ so ñ╜ ve Ñ⌠Ѻ za ñ╢
cye ñ┴ñº fa ñ╒ñí hye ñ╥ñº me ñß pu ñ╫ su ñ╣ vi Ñ⌠Ñú ze ñ╝
cyi ñ┴ fe ñ╒ñº hyo ñ╥ñτ mi ñ▀ pya ñ╘ñπ sya ñ╖ñπ vo Ñ⌠Ñ⌐ zi ñ║ñú
cyo ñ┴ñτ fi ñ╒ñú hyu ñ╥ñσ mo ñΓ pye ñ╘ñº sye ñ╖ñº vu Ñ⌠ zo ñ╛
cyu ñ┴ñσ fo ñ╒ñ⌐ i ññ mu ñα pyo ñ╘ñτ syi ñ╖ wa ñ∩ zu ñ║
da ñ└ fu ñ╒ ja ñ╕ñπ mya ñ▀ñπ pyu ñ╘ñσ syo ñ╖ñτ we ñ±
de ñ╟ fya ñ╒ñπ je ñ╕ñº mye ñ▀ñº (q) ñ≤ syu ñ╖ñσ wi ñ≡
di ñ╟ñú fye ñ╒ñº ji ñ╕ myo ñ▀ñτ ra ñΘ t- ñ├ wo ñ≥
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(Note: q - is available in Romaji mode only)
Examples: toyota --> ñ╚ñΦñ┐ toukyou --> ñ╚ñªñ¡ñτñª
The romaji-to-kana translation is almost identical to that used in other
Kanji editors and programs (e.g. MOKE by Mark Edwards, JDIC by Jim Breen).
To enter a small "tsu", you can type a double consonant, e.g. "shippai", or
"t-", e.g. "shit-pai". To enter an "n" you can type "n'" if necessary
e.g. as in "hon'ya" ñ█ñ≤ñΣí╩╦▄▓░í╦. Most of the time, just typing ordinary
Hepburn or kunrei romaji will work. Note that the romaji must follow the
kana style for long vowels. Tokyo can be "toukyou", but not "tookyoo". For
small añí eñº iñú oñ⌐ uñÑ tsuñ├ wañε kaÑ⌡ keÑ÷ yañπ yeñº yoñτ yuñσ, type
xa, xe, xi, xo, xu, xtu, xwa, xka, xke, xya, xye, xyo and xyu respectively.
(2) Entering Katakana
To type Katakana characters, use the toggle switch [q]. This switches
between Kana-Kanji (ñ½ñ╩┤┴) and Katakana ([ѽÑ╩]) modes. In ѽÑ╩ mode,
Katakana can be typed in the same way as Hiragana.
There is yet another way to type Katakana by typing in all upper case letters
(A-Z) in Kana-Kanji (ñ½ñ╩┤┴) mode. But the current version does not allow
vowel sound (AIUEO) under this method, however.
The centered dot for kana separation can be entered as "'ten".
Example:
[ѽÑ╩]: Type "jon''ten[SpaceBar][Enter]sumisu" to get Ñ╕ÑτÑ≤íªÑ╣Ñ▀Ñ╣
(3) Entering Kanji
In Kana-Kanji mode to type Kanji, it is necessary to indicate the point
where Kanji part starts by capitalizing the first character of Japanese
sound. The system displays Hiragana version first, but everything typed
will be highlighted.
As a default, "Automatic Kanji display" <Option> is enabled. In this case
all the possible conversion will be displayed in the bottom line of the
screen as you type along. See the section under <Option> for more details.
Example: ___________________________
Type "A" will display the following: ñ½ñ╩┤┴: 1 ░í 2 ░ñ 3 ░ú 4 ░ó
___________________________
Typing "Toukyou" will display the followingíºñ½ñ╩┤┴: 1 ┼∞╡■ 2 ┼∞╢╡
Note: the display of options may differ between Shareware and Registered
versions.
As long as the entry is displayed in Hiragana and is still highlighted,
users can edit the entry by using [BS] key. At this stage, pressing [ESC]
will cancel the whole highlighted input.
Press the corresponding number to get the Kanji you want. For option "1",
users can press [SpaceBar] for convenience. If there are more than 10
matched items, users may use the [>]/[,] or [<]/[.] key to flip through the
list, and then select an option in the same way. At this stage, the Hiragana
option is replaced by the Kanji. Users may press [Esc] to revert the
conversion to Hiragana, if necessary.
Having selected the desired Kanji, users can carry on typing for the next
bits of the sentence. The selection will be cleared automatically as soon as
you go on typing the next section, edit the entry itself, or move cursor
keys. Alternatively users may press [Enter] to finalize the conversion.
(4) Entering Verbs and Adjectives with a Kanji part
Entering verbs and adjectives is slightly different from entering words
that are all Kanji, because their form can vary depending on their tense,
inflection and the degree of politeness.
The following chart shows the conjugation of the verb ╣╘ñ» ("iku" = to go)
í╜í╜í╜í╜ªßí╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜ªßí╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜
í├ polite form í├ plain form
í╜í╜í╜í╜ªΣí╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜ªΣí╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜
present í├╗Σñ╧íó┼∞╡■ñ╪╣╘ñ¡ñ▐ñ╣íú í├╗Σñ╧íó┼∞╡■ñ╪╣╘ñ»íú
pres.negí├╗Σñ╧íó┼∞╡■ñ╪╣╘ñ¡ñ▐ñ╗ñ≤íú í├╗Σñ╧íó┼∞╡■ñ╪╣╘ñ½ñ╩ññíú
past í├╗Σñ╧íó┼∞╡■ñ╪╣╘ñ¡ñ▐ñ╖ñ┐íú í├╗Σñ╧íó┼∞╡■ñ╪╣╘ñ├ñ┐íú
past,negí├╗Σñ╧íó┼∞╡■ñ╪╣╘ñ¡ñ▐ñ╗ñ≤ñ╟ñ╖ñ┐íúí├╗Σñ╧íó┼∞╡■ñ╪╣╘ñ½ñ╩ñ½ñ├ñ┐íú
í╜í╜í╜í╜ªπí╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜ªπí╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜í╜
NJStar's dictionary stores this verb as ╣╘k (ññk) and ╣╘t (ññt) and users
need to indicate where the ñ╥ñΘñ¼ñ╩ part begins by capitalizing the first
character of the sound. Thus in the above example, verbs are typed as
follows:
IKimasu IKu
IKimasen IKanai
IKimashita ITta
IKimasendeshita IKanakatta
Since this method of conversion does not require grammatical
interpretation, the system responds quicker. In addition, users can convert
various styles of Japanese, such as ancient í╩╕┼╕∞í╦, literary í╩╩╕╕∞í╦,
colloquialí╩╕²╕∞í╦, and dialectí╩╩²╕└í╦.
(5) Katakana Version of English words
The Katakana Version of some English words can be entered in the Romaji
input mode. The user must enter a single quote ['] or lower case [l] (el for
latin) before the English word. The availability of a word depends on the
entries in KANJI.DIC.
Example: Typing 'computer will give Ñ│Ñ≤Ñ╘Ñσí╝Ñ┐
'editor Ñ¿Ñ╟ÑúÑ┐
'communication Ñ│Ñ▀ÑσÑ╦Ñ▒í╝Ñ╖ÑτÑ≤
The system first searches for the matching index entry in the Glossary then
KANJI.DIC. When no word is found in neither of them, the ASCII entry remains
as it is in the document.
Note: Pressing upper case [L] (el) switches input mode to ASCII (=[Alt+F6]).
(6) Kana/English to Kanji lookup
See <EDicLookup> [Alt+X]/[Alt+E] for more details.
(7) Entering Punctuations
In Kana-Kanji input mode, all punctuation characters on the keyboard can be
entered. When there is no Kanji displayed for selection, the following
symbols can be entered directly:
Typed as: ~ ` ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) _ = + \ | [ ] { } ; : " " < > , . ? /
Appear as: í┴íñí¬í≈í⌠í≡í≤í∩í⌡í÷í╩í╦í▓íßí▄í└í├í╪í┘í┌í█í¿íºí╓í╫í╘í╒íóíúí⌐í┐
When there are Kanji characters displayed in the bottom line waiting to be
selected, keys that are used for selecting Kanji, i.e., [>], [,], [<], [.]
will not produce punctuation characters but performs their designated
function described under (3) "Entering Kanji" above.
(8) A complete sentence:
Ashita, watashi wa toukyou ni ikimasu.
ñóñ╖ñ┐íóñ∩ñ┐ñ╖ñ╧┼∞╡■ñ╦╣╘ñ¡ñ▐ñ╣íú
is typed as: ashita,watashihaToukyou[SpaceBar]niIKimasu.
Note that it is standard convention to type particles ñ╧ wa, ñ╪ e, and ñ≥ o
as "ha", "he", and "wo" respectively.
(9) Using the Glossary
See <Glossary> [Ctrl+G] for more details.
FUNCTION <RomajiInput> [Alt+F5] Ñφí╝Ñ▐╗·╞■╬╧ Romaji Input
Sets NJStar's input method to Romaji. When entering Romaji mode, the left
hand side of the bottom line displays a sign of "Romaji" (Ñφí╝Ñ▐╗·).
Mouse: point the mouse cursor at the left end of the bottom line and click
the left button once, to toggle between KanaKanji, Romaji and ASCII mode.
The use of keyboard to input Japanese is basically identical with Kana-Kanji
input described above. The main differences between Kana- Kanji and Romaji
are:
a) Everything typed will be first displayed in the bottom line, and users
need to select each time the desired characters / words.
b) When no Kanji options are displayed in the bottom line, pressing
uppercase alphabetic letters (A-Z) will enter ASCII characters directly
into the editing screen.
c) Glossary is not available from this input method, but instead EDICT
is available.
(1) Entering Hiragana
You can enter as few as one romanized Hiragana, or a whole line of
romanized Hiragana.
Example:
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: shippai 1 ñ╖ñ├ñ╤ññ 2 ╝║╟╘
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: watashiha 1 ñ∩ñ┐ñ╖ñ╧
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: motte 1 ñΓñ├ñ╞
Hiragana is usually displayed as choice #1 for selection. Pressing [1] or
[SpaceBar] to select it. Pressing [ESC] at any time will clear the romaji
input line.
The centered dot for kana separation can be entered as the single quote ',
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: a'a 1 ñóíªñó
(2) Entering Katakana
Normally, when romaji is entered, NJStar translates it into Hiragana, then
searches the 'KANJI.DIC' for the possible matches of the Hiragana entered.
If no matches are found, NJStar will display the Katakana version of the
romaji as choice #2. Pressing [2] will select the Katakana string. If one or
more matches are found, NJStar will display the matched Kanji's together
with the Hiragana string. If the user wants to enter Katakana instead of
Hiragana or Kanji, pressing [ALT+1] will select it. Pressing [ESC] will
cancel the entire input line.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
Romaji: o-sutoraria 1 ñ¬í╝ñ╣ñ╚ñΘñΩñó 2 Ѭí╝Ñ╣Ñ╚ÑΘÑΩÑó
(3) Entering Kanji
When a correct Romaji code is entered, its Hiragana version is displayed at
the bottom line. If the displayed Hiragana matches a kana-to-kanji entry in
KANJI.DIC, the matched Kanji entries are also listed for selection.
Example:
______________________________________________________________________
Romaji: ai > 1 ñóññ 2 ╣τ 3 ┴Ω 4 ░ª 5 ░í░ß 6 ░Ñ 7 ═⌡ 8 ░º 9 █ú 0 ░¿
______________________________________________________________________
Romaji: toukyou 1 ñ╚ñªñ¡ñτñª 2 ┼∞╡■
______________________________________________________________________
Romaji: oosaka 1 ñ¬ñ¬ñ╡ñ½ 2 ┬τ║σ
Press the corresponding number to select Kanji. Press [ESC] to cancel the
entire input line. The convention for the selection is identical with that
of Kana-Kanji input.
The rules for entering verbs and adjectives are basically identical with
Kana-Kanji input.
(5) Typing English word to get Japanese
As in Kana-Kanji mode, users can input an English word to get a Japanese
word starting with ['] key. But instead of having Glossary, Romaji input
integrates the function of <English> [Alt+F7] described below.
When invoking this function, the system first searches for the matching
entry in KANJI.DIC to get Katakana version of English words. If this is
unsuccessful, the system then calls EDICT to find the matching entries. See
<EDicLookup> for more details.
If no match is found at this stage, the system displays an error message.
User can edit the input line and try again, or press [ESC] to cancel the
whole input line.
(6) Entering Punctuation
In Romaji input mode, when there is nothing in the bottom line (press [ESC]
to clear the input line if there are Kana/Kanji waiting to be selected),
all the following punctuation characters on the keyboard can be entered.
Typed as: ~ ` ! @ # $ % & * ( ) _ = + \ | [ ] { } ; : " " < > , . ? /
Appear as: í┴íñí¬í≈í⌠í≡í≤í⌡í÷í╩í╦í▓íßí▄í└í├í╪í┘í┌í█í¿íºí╓í╫í╘í╒íóíúí⌐í┐
(7) A complete sentence:
ñóñ╖ñ┐íóñ∩ñ┐ñ╖ñ╧┼∞╡■ñ╦╣╘ñ¡ñ▐ñ╣íú(Ashita, watashi wa toukyou ni ikimasu)
is typed as: ashita1,watashi1ha1toukyou2ni1iKimasu1.
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: ashita 1 ñóñ╖ñ┐ 2 ╠└╞ⁿ
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: watashi 1 ñ∩ñ┐ñ╖ 2 ╗Σ
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: ha 1 ñ╧
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: toukyou 1 ñ╚ñªñ¡ñτñª 2 ┼∞╡■ 3 ┼∞╢╡
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: ni 1 ñ╦
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: iKimasu 1 ╣╘ñ¡ñ▐ñ╣ 2 └╕ñ¡ñ▐ñ╣ 3 │Φñ¡ñ▐ñ╣ 4 └┬ñ¡ñ▐ñ╣
(8) Entering JIS Characters by typing two typable ASCII character
In Romaji input mode, if the first character is '^', NJStar will interpret
the rest of the input as 2 bytes of JIS code each by masking the high bit
on. In some email systems or news systems, the high bit is masked off. Using
this method, you can reconstruct the actual message from the high-bit-masked
ASCII character. For example, a Japanese email, saying: "my name is [Pd9cGH]"
can be read by typing the characters inside the "[]" pair prefixed by a '^'.
___________________________________________________________________
Romaji: ^Pd9cGH 1 ╨Σ╣π╟╚
FUNCTION <English> [Alt+F7] ▒╤╧┬╞■╬╧ English Input
Sets input method 'English to Japanese'. Type an English word, then press
[SpaceBar] will force NJStar to search the word in the EDICT, Japanese
English dictionary.
FUNCTION <Option> [Ctrl+F2] ѬÑ╫Ñ╖ÑτÑ≤ Option
The following option changes the behaviour of Kana-Kanji mode:
DelayConvert: Toggles the 'Delay Conversion' mode.
In Kana-Kanji input, when Delay Conversion is set ON,
NJStar does not display Kanji until [SpaceBar] is pressed.
In this case, the first item of the selection list is automatically selected,
and the rest of list are displayed on the Bottom line.
Beginning from NJStar v3.0, all the option changes and changes made by
Toggle functions (such as Input Method, JASCII mode, etc.) will be
automatically saved on exit, and restored in the next session of NJStar.
FUNCTION <Radicals> [Shift+F1] ╔⌠╝≤╕í║≈ Radicals
This function is seldom used as an input method. However, it provides an
handy way to look up a character by radicals, especially when the user is
not very sure about its pronunciation.
When starting this function, a pop-up window will display all 214 radicals
arranged by the number of strokes. Use the cursor or mouse to select a
radical. Once selected, another window will be displayed with all the
characters for that radical arranged again by number of strokes. Use the
down or right arrow key to scroll through the list. Once the character you
are looking for has been found, it can be pasted into the editing screen by
pressing [Return]. Press [F1] key to get coding and other information for
the character. (See function <KanjiInfo> below.)
FUNCTION <EUCinput> [Alt+F4] EUCÑ│í╝Ñ╔╞■╬╧ EUC/Kuten
Sets NJStar's input method to EUC or Kuten code input modes. In previous
versions, there used to be two separate functions but beginning with Version
3.0, they have been merged into one command. However, when invoking
<EUCinput>, the left end of the bottom line will display a "EUC" sign,
unless a Kuten code is detected by the system, and then it will display the
"Kuten" (╢Φ┼└) sign. (A EUC code starts with [a] to [f] while a Kuten code
starts with [0] to [9].)
EUC and Kuten are major supplementary input methods in NJStar. The file
EUC.DOC lists out all valid EUC codes and the corresponding characters,
while KUTEN.DOC does for Kuten codes.
To enter a EUC code, you have to complete all four code letters before it is
displayed on the editing screen. For Kuten codes, the first two code numbers
bring up a list of characters. Select a character from the list with
[Alt]+number key or a number key on the keypad, or wait until all four-
number codes have been entered.
EUC Example: d0e4 -> ╨Σ b9e3 -> ╣π c7c8 -> ╟╚
Kuten Example: 4868 -> ╨Σ 2567 -> ╣π 3940 -> ╟╚
FUNCTION <AscInput> [Alt+F6] ▒╤╗·╞■╬╧ Ascii Input
Sets NJStar's input method to ASCII. When using ASCII, the left end of the
bottom line will display an "ASCII" sign. The filename, size, and cursor
position are displayed on the bottom line. The "*" sign in front of "Bytes"
indicates the current file has been modified since it was opened or since
the last time it was saved.
Mouse: point the mouse cursor at the left side of the bottom line and click
the left button once, to toggle between KanaKanji, Romaji and ASCII input
modes.
ASCII mode is used to enter all English characters, plus the extended ASCII
character set (128-160). To enter those characters, press [Alt] together
with the corresponding ASCII code with the numerical keys from the keypad.
For instance, to enter [ü], hold down [Alt] and type [1], [2], [9] on the
numeric keypad. Release the [Alt] key and the character will be pasted into
the editing screen.
FUNCTION <EXInput> [Alt+F2] ┬╛ñ╬╞■╬╧╦í Extra Input
Lets user select one of the following input methods as listed on the bottom
line:
b. bushu Coded with number 0-9 for Radical number (total 214)
╔⌠╝≤ Use standard letter keys to enter code.
c. 4corner Coded with number 0-9 for a classification of four
╗═│╤ corners. Maximum length of codes is 4 numbers.
Use standard letter keys to enter code.
n. Nelson# Coded with number 0-9 for number in Nelson Dictionary
Ñ═ÑδÑ╜Ñ≤ Use standard letter keys to enter code.
s. Strokes Coded with number 0-9 for total stroke count.
▓Φ┐⌠
u. UniCode Coded with Hex numbers for Unicode.
ѵÑ╦Ñ│í╝Ñ╔
All these input methods have their strengths and weaknesses. Some users are
familiar with one or the other.
All unused letters listed above, such as a, d, e ..., may be used for an
user-defined input method [NJINPUT?.DIC]. The user can also substitute the
existing input dictionary file with a user-defined input dictionary to
include one or more of the unused letters.
One of NJStar's outstanding features is to allow users to implement their
own preferred input methods by setting up an input dictionary with NJStar.
Once the dictionary, a EUC file, is coded, NJStar's utility program,
NJJDIC.EXE, can convert it into NJStar's input dictionary. This adds a new
input method to NJStar. For more details, see NJJDIC.DOC.
FUNCTION <Symbols> [Ctrl+6] ╞├╝∞ñ╩╡¡╣µ Symbols
This function is also seldom used as an input method. However, it provides
an handy way to look up a special symbol character in a pop-up window.
When invoking this function, a window will pop-up, showing all the symbols
in the EUC character set. Use the cursor or mouse to select a symbol. If the
screen is full, use the down or right arrow key to scroll through the list.
When the character is found, it can be pasted into editing screen by
pressing [Return].
FUNCTION <Convert2Kanji> [Alt+F1] ╩╤┤╣íºñóó¬░í Convert
In Kana-Kanji mode, converts the marked Hiragana string into Kanji. If no
matching options are found in KANJI.DIC, the system enters the Glossary mode,
asking the user to register the new entry. See <Glossary> for more details.
You can use the [SpaceBar] to invoke this function.
FUNCTION <UndoConvert> [Shift+F8] ╩╤┤╣ñ╬▓≤╔ⁿ Undo Convert
Reverts the conversion just performed from Hiragana to Kanji in Kana-Kanji
mode while the word is still highlighted. This function works only
immediately after a Hiragana string has been converted to Kanji and no block
operation is performed.
By performing this function twice consecutively, you can restore the
original state before conversion.
(1) If the highlighted Japanese words are originally typed in, the input
itself will be cancelled. (i.e., delete the highlighted region).
(2) If the highlighted Japanese words are marked region, the marked region
will not be removed but simply the region will be unmarked.
You can use the [ESC] / [INS] / [Insert] key to access this function as an
one-key operation.
FUNCTION <JasciiMode> [Alt+F9] ┴┤│╤ÑΓí╝Ñ╔ Full size English
Toggles NJStar's JASCII and Non-JASCII input modes. In JASCII mode, a sign
of "zenkaku" (┴┤│╤) will be displayed at the right bottom corner.
The initial mode can be set with NJCONFIG.EXE.
There is no differences in Japanese characters input under either mode.
ASCII characters, in JASCII mode, are mapped into JIS counterparts. For
instance, an ASCII period, a dot, is mapped to a Japanese period, a small
circle. Some ASCII characters may be mapped into different presentations in
JASCII mode. For example, a caret [^] is mapped to a Japanese currency
symbol í∩. However, this function only affects input of ASCII characters.
The mappings are as follows:
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
ú┴ú┬ú├ú─ú┼ú╞ú╟ú╚ú╔ú╩ú╦ú╠ú═ú╬ú╧ú╨ú╤ú╥ú╙ú╘ú╒ú╓ú╫ú╪ú┘ú┌
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z
úßúΓúπúΣúσúµúτúΦúΘúΩúδú∞úφúεú∩ú≡ú±ú≥ú≤ú⌠ú⌡ú÷ú≈ú°ú∙ú·
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
ú▒ú▓ú│ú┤ú╡ú╢ú╖ú╕ú╣ú░
~ ` ! @ # $ % ^ & * ( ) - _ = + \ | [ ] { } ; : ' ' " " < > , . ? /
í┴íñí¬í≈í⌠í≡í≤í∩í⌡í÷í╩í╦í╜í▓íßí▄í└í├í╪í┘í┌í█í¿íºí╓í╫í╓í╫í╘í╒íóíúí⌐í┐
Mouse: point the mouse cursor to the right end of the bottom line and click
the left button once to invoke this function.
=============================================================================
11. TOOLS
=========
This section describes NJStar's several enhancements listed under "Tools"
(Ñ─í╝Ñδ) in the main menu. There are three kinds of enhancements mentioned
in this section. (1) Dictionary-related, (2) System Configuration, and (3)
Macro commands. Macro commands are described in the next section.
FUNCTION <EDicLookup> [Alt+E]/[Alt+X] ╝¡╜±ñ╬╕í║≈ EDIC Lookup
Displays a translation window for the current character or word in either
Japanese or English.
Before calling this function, position the cursor under the desired
character or mark the word as a block.
When the function is called, the system will search for matching characters
or words in the dictionary and display the result in the pop-up window. If
the content of dictionary exceeds one screen, press [Down] arrow key or
[PgDn] key to scroll through the list of entries.
If the current character is Japanese and is not "marked", NJStar treats it
as a single character, and will intelligently search all the words in the
dictionary which match the words around the cursor character. If only a
portion of a Japanese word is marked, NJStar will search all the entries
that contain this character or word. If no match is found in the dictionary,
NJStar will indicate so. Custom-made characters cannot be found in the
dictionary.
If the current word is English and is not "marked", the search will operate
on the whole word. If only a portion of a word is marked, only the marked
segment will be processed. If the marked block contains more than one word,
only the first word will be searched.
If the system finds the entry in the dictionary, it then displays all
entries in which the word is found. Once the desired entry is located by the
user, press [Enter] to insert the Japanese word into the editing screen, or
[SpaceBar] to dump the whole entry into the screen.
In both Kana-Kanji and Romaji modes, if there are some Kanji characters or
words on the bottom line, user can press [F1] to get their meanings in
English.
From Romaji input mode, typing an English words (preceded by [']) and press
[SpaceBar] looks up the meaning of the word in Japanese-English dictionary
when no Katakana version is found in KANJI.DIC.
FUNCTION <Glossary> [Ctrl+G] ═╤╕∞╜╕ Glossary
Brings up the user definable vocabulary bank. These glossary entries are
accessible from Kana-Kanji mode directly. When you enter a code matching the
index string, NJStar will convert the code into the pre-defined string.
The Glossary is basically used for two purposes: 1) supplement KANJI.DIC;
2) store frequently used long words / phrases which are made accessible by
short-hand keys.
(1) Supplement KANJI.DIC
In Kana-Kanji mode, users can register a new word in Glossary when an
expected Kanji option does not appear as one of displayed options. If there
is no option displayed in the bottom line, the system automatically enters
in the Glossary mode as soon as users press [SpaceBar].
(2) Store frequently used long words and phrases
The Glossary function allows users to identify a string with any letters,
not just valid Romaji or English. If an entry is not a valid romaji code, it
must start with ['] key. For instance, 'OZ --> ╣δ╜ú, 'PRC --> ├µ▓┌┐═╠▒╢ª╧┬╣±,
'njstar --> í╪╞ε╢╦└▒í┘. Furthermore, you can also define a non-JIS string,
such as 'fyi --> FOR YOUR INFORMATION. This is quite different from the
user-Definable input method (as with the one generated by NJJDIC.EXE) where
the primary advantage of Kana-Kanji input cannot be obtained. On the other
hand, a user vocabulary defined through such a user dictionary is not
accessible in Kana-Kanji mode.
NJStar will search the glossary dictionary first and then the ordinary
Kanji dictionary. Numbers can be used in the index code, but not as the
first letter. Note that the index entry is case sensitive, so the index word
"OZ" is not obtainable by typing "'oz" but "'OZ".
The Glossary list may be updated manually. When the Glossary window is
displayed, you can use [F1] for 'Add New', [F2] for 'Add Marked' Block, [F3]
for 'Edit Current', [F4] for 'Delete Current', [ESC] to quit. Pressing a
letter 'a-z' will search for an entry starting with the key. Pressing
[SpaceBar] to insert the current entry into the current file.
While the Glossary list displays only one line for each entry, it can
actually contain a much larger content. Mark a portion of the screen with
the <Block> function, then add the block after the Glossary list is called
up by the <Glossary> function. If the marked block is less then one line,
you can edit the block. Otherwise, the large block cannot be edited further.
The only way to work around this is to insert the block into the editing
screen and edit it, then add the block to the Glossary as a new entry and
delete the old one.
FUNCTION <KanjiInfo> [Alt+Z] ┤┴╗·ñ╬╛≡╩≤ Kanji Info
Displays the current character in large size in a pop-up window, together
with meanings, readings, grading as well as coding information, such as EUC,
UniCode, Radical, Strokes, etc.
Mouse: double click the left mouse button on the character to call up this
function.
FUNCTION <NJConfig> [Ctrl+C] Ñ╗Ñ├Ñ╞ÑúÑ≤Ñ░ NJCONFIG
Starts NJCONFIG.EXE program inside of the NJStar system. User may change the
system setup through NJCONFIG.EXE. (See section System Configuration for
more details.)
Most setup changes made through this function will take effect immediately,
such as printer drivers and printing setup. However, the video card settings
will not take place until the user starts NJStar again.
=============================================================================
12. MACROS COMMANDS
===================
This section describes NJStar's Macro related functions. Those functions are
located under "Tools" (Ñ─í╝Ñδ) in the main menu. This section also
describes the way to compose the macro text file and use NJMAC.EXE for
compiling NJStar macros.
A macro is a pre-defined sequence of a series of NJStar commands. You can
record a series of commands within NJStar, or write a macro text file with
NJStar and then compile it with NJStar's utility program, NJMAC.EXE. This
will convert it to a macro file that can be loaded into NJStar.
See PROGRAM USAGE for information about loading a macro in the command line
with '-L' and '-X' options.
FUNCTION <MacroRec> [F11] Ñ▐Ñ»Ñφ╡¡╧┐ Macro Rec
Starts and stops macro recording. When entering macro-recording mode, the
right side of the bottom will display a sign of "Record."
Mouse: point the mouse cursor at "Record" and then click the left button
once to invoke this function.
When starting, a sequence of NJStar commands entered by the user will be
recorded and stored in the macro buffer, until this command is invoked
again. The contents of the macro buffer will be cleared by the next macro
recording operation.
When recording a macro, pressing [ESC] would be considered to be a normal
command to be recorded, instead of cancellation of the command.
Beginning from NJStar v3.0, contents in the macro buffer will be saved
automatically on exit, so that the macro can be executed the next time
NJStar is run.
FUNCTION <MacroExec> [F12] Ñ▐Ñ»Ñφ╝┬╣╘ Macro Exec
Executes the macro stored in the macro buffer. If the macro buffer is empty,
it will do nothing.
If a macro turns out to contain an infinite loop, you must press [Ctrl+C] or
[Ctrl+Break] to cancel the execution.
FUNCTION <SaveMacro> [Alt+F11] Ñ▐Ñ»Ñφ╩▌┤╔ Save Macro
Saves the contents of the macro buffer to a file with a user-specified file
name. Thus, a recorded macro can be repeatedly used. The macro filename has
the standard extension, ".NJM". Any other extension given to the file by the
user will be ignored.
If you enter a filename that already exists on disk, the system will ask
for confirmation. Press [ESC] at any time to cancel the request.
FUNCTION <ReadMacro> [Alt+F12] Ñ▐Ñ»Ñφ╞╔╜╨ñ╖ Read Macro
Reads a user-specified macro file into the macro buffer, so that the macro
can be executed. When NJStar prompts for a filename, don't use an extension
as NJM will be used as the default.
FUNCTION <RepeatCmd> [Ctrl+F11] (ÑΩÑ╘í╝Ñ╚ Repeat Command)
Repeats a previous command a given number of times. If it is a macro
command, <RepeatCmd> will repeat the macro for a given number of times. This
function can not be used inside a macro.
MACRO TEXT FILES
User may also build macro files from scratch. To create your own macros,
write them as text files. The following basic rules apply to macro files:
1. A macro text file should be given the ".NJ" extension; The
converted NJStar macro file has the standard extension of ".NJM".
2. A macro text file may contain one macro statement only, which can
contain one or more commands;
3. A macro statement should always start with a string "Macro";
4. When a line gets too long, split the line and use "&" at the end of
line to indicate that it continues on the next line;
5. A comment line in the macro text file starts with an "*"
character;
6. All commands listed in this manual can be written to macro text
files, separated by a space. Commands are case insensitive;
7. Use double quotation marks ("") around text or search strings;
8. Use single quotation marks ('') to input the enclosed text to the
editing screen or a Japanese character code at prompt;
9. Use #nnn to input an ASCII character represented by nnn. The number
nnn can be either in Decimal, Hex, or Oct format;
10. Use $nn to pause the execution for a period of nn ticks. One tick
is equal to 1/18 second. User input will be ignored during the
pause;
11. Use the <Pause> command to pause the execution of the macro when
NJStar prompts user to enter a string, until the user presses
[Return] or [ESC]. Other editing tasks can be done during the
pause. <Pause> can be also used when the <DOS> command returns.
NJStar will wait for a key press before clearing the DOS output
screen;
12. Use <ScreenOff> to freeze the screen display when the macro is
being executed. Use <ScreenOn> to turn on the screen. In any case
NJStar will turn on the screen display at the end of macro.
<ScreenOff> will speed up the macro execution speed;
13. Use string plus ":" to compose a label. A macro statement can
contain up to 64 labels. Label example, BEGIN: LOOP: ;
14. Use <Jump> followed by a label to indicate the unconditional
command switch to the label within the macro statement;
15. Use <JTrue> followed by a label to indicate the command switch to
the label within the macro statement when the previous command is
successfully executed or the condition checked is true (e.g., the
current character is a Japanese character when executed
<IsJapanese>); and
16. Use <JFalse> followed by a label to indicate the command switch to
the label within the macro statement when the previous command can
not be executed or the condition checked is false.
Here are some more commands for use in the macro:
<SoundOff> - Turn Error Beep Off.
<SoundOn> - Turn Error Beep On.
<IsJapanese> - If the current character is a Japanese (15-84).
<IsTwoBytes> - if the current character is a Two Bytes EUC character.
<IsCursorInBlock> - The cursor is inside a marked block.
Here is an example of a macro statement, This macro will replace one JASCII
characters "í⌠" (JASCII '#' characters) with two ASCII '#' characters.
[EXAMPLE]
Macro BegFile ASCinput Replace "í⌠" Enter "##" Enter
You can define a macro command in NJCONFIG.KEY, and assign the command
permanently to a Key. For example, the following syntax assigns the macro
shown above to the 'Ctrl+X+1' key:
Meta+1 Macro BegFile ASCinput Replace "í⌠" Enter "##" Enter
UTILITY NJMAC.EXE
The utility program NJMAC.EXE is in the NJStar sub-directory. It will
convert a macro text file into a compiled file so that it can be executed
within NJStar.
[USAGE] C:\NJJ30> NJMAC macfile
Macfile is the name of a macro text file. Add the drive name and the full
path if necessary. The resultant macro file will use the same file name,
with an extension name of .NJM. The location of the resultant macro file is
the same as that of the original macro text file.
If the macro text file contains an invalid statement, NJMAC will generate an
error message indicating the error location within the macro text file.
A compiled macro file can be loaded with NJStar as a command line switch
when the system is started. See Section <<Program Usage>> for more details.
EXAMPLES OF USEFUL MACRO COMMANDS
NJStar has more than 120 functions/commands in total. Each command performs
certain pre-defined tasks. However, there are always tasks that a single
command cannot do. With NJStar's macros, you can create new commands by
combining several single commands into a macro command. What a macro command
can do is only limited by your imagination. Here are some examples (already
defined in NJCONFIG.KEY).
*(1) Mark a sentence with Kanji character only.
Meta+1 Macro ScreenOff UnMarkBlock IsJapanese JFalse END: &
LEFT: IsJapanese JFalse BEG: CursorLeft Jump LEFT: &
BEG: CursorRight MarkBlock RIGHT: IsJapanese JFalse MARKEND: &
CursorRight Jump RIGHT: MARKEND: MarkBlock END:
*(2) Call WordPefect 5.1 to Check the spelling of current File ,
* WARNING: WP51 must be on path
Meta+s Macro screenoff SaveFile DOS 'WP51 ' FileName enter &
EditFile FileName enter
*(3) Replace the current English/Japanese by user entered new character
Meta+F Macro UnMarkBlock IsJapanese JFalse MW: MarkBlock Jump OK: &
MW: MarkWord OK: copy SearchReplace paste pause pause
*(4) Search the current English or Japanese word until end of the file
Meta+^F Macro screenoff IsJapanese JFalse MW: MarkBlock Jump OK: &
MW: MarkWord OK: copy search paste screenon enter
*(5) Insert a file into current file
^I macro savefile openfile JFalse END: screenoff BegFile markline endfile &
markline copy QuitFile PrevFile paste gotoblock END:
*(6) Display the time and date for 5 second than delete it
meta+T macro enter enter enter enter cursorup cursorup tabright &
TimeDate $100 delline backspace backspace delchar
*(7) Convert a file with every line hard returned into soft return
* NOTE: should have a blank line between paragraph, Mark a Block
Meta+\ macro screenoff GotoBlock IsCursorInBlock Jfalse END: &
Replace #10 #10 enter "##" Enter &
Replace #10 enter DelLine Enter &
Replace "##" enter #10 #10 Enter UnMarkBlock END:
*(8) Open a file with filename at cursor
Meta+^O Macro altwordset markword editfile paste enter defwordset
*(9) Save the current file in New-JIS and send it as email message with
* a mail package (e.g., pmail) to Yo Tomita (author of NJJ Tutorial).
* NOTE: your computer must be connnected to network.
meta+^S Macro saveNewJis enter &
DOS "pmail -t chi6yt@sun.leeds.ac.uk -f " filename enter
*(10) Use Shift + Arrow key to mark block interactively
#up Macro Screenoff MarkBlock CursorUp MarkBlock
#Down Macro Screenoff MarkBlock CursorDown MarkBlock
#Left Macro Screenoff MarkBlock CursorLeft MarkBlock
#Right Macro Screenoff MarkBlock CursorRight Markblock
=============================================================================
13. PRINTING
============
This section describes NJStar's printing function, located under "Output"
(╜╨╬╧) in the main menu. This section also describes printing format
commands and the utility file NJPRN.EXE.
FUNCTION <Print> [Ctrl+P] ░⌡║■ Print File
Prints the current file to a user-defined output device.
Currently, NJStar supports 9 pin or 24 pin dot matrix printers (Epson or
IBM-ProPrinter and compatibles), Canon BubbleJet printers, and HP DeskJet or
LaserJet printers (and their emulations). You have to install the
appropriate printer driver for your chosen printer with NJCONFIG.EXE.
After the correct printer driver is installed, you can print the current
file to the printer or to a file. Generally, NJStar uses 16x16 font for 9
pin dot matrix printers, and better fonts for printers with higher
resolution capabilities. The user has no control on the type of font.
If the printer is not connected, or if you want to use another printer,
print the current file to a file, with the appropriate printer settings.
NJStar's utility program, NJPRN.EXE, can be used later to print out that
file to the printer.
UTILITY NJPRN.EXE
The utility program NJPRN.EXE is in NJStar's subdirectory.
[USAGE]
C:\NJJ30> NJPRN printfile port
'Printfile' is a filename for the file generated by NJStar's <Print>
command (see above). Please include the drive name and the full path for
NJPRN.EXE and print file if necessary. The valid ports are PRN, LPT1, LPT2,
LPT3, COM1, COM2, COM3, or COM4.
PRINTING FORMAT COMMANDS
The following are NJStar's printing format commands, to enhance the output
format.
English Name Function
=================== ====================================================
\NewPage Forces to print on a new page from here
\PageNumber(nn) Changes the current page number to nn, whatever it
was originally set
\NumberStyle("%d") Specifies the page number style as text shown in "".
Variable %d is the current page number.
\NoPageNumber Do not print page number
\LeftMargin(nn) Sets the left margin to nn Japanese characters
\RightMargin(nn) Sets the right margin to nn Japanese characters
\TopMargin(nn) Sets the top margin to nn lines
(1 line=1/6 in. or 1 line=30 dots)
\BottomMargin(nn) Sets the bottom margin to nn lines
(1 line=1/6 in. or 1 line=30 dots)
\LineSpace(nn) Sets the space between lines to nn dots
\Font(nn) Sets the size of Japanese character to nn.
( 1 normal; 2 larger)
\Center Centers the current line on page
\Bold Force NJStar to print in Bold, Mincho style
font (JIS.24 )
\Thin Force NJStar to print in thin, Gothic style
font (JIST.24)
=================== =====================================================
Here are some examples of how to use printing format commands in the text
file.
[EXAMPLE] \NewPage
Forces the printer to perform a form feed and then prints the following text
on a new sheet.
[EXAMPLE] \PageNumber(2) \NumberStyle("Ñ┌í╝Ñ╕%d")
Forces the system to set the page numbers to start from 2 from here. The
page number printed on this sheet would look like "Ñ┌í╝Ñ╕2".
[EXAMPLE] \LeftMargin(5) \RightMargine(5) \LineSpace(5)
Forces the system to change both margins to 5 characters from here onwards,
and use new space setting. Normally, it would be advisable to set LineSpace
with a smaller value when drawing a table with NJStar's line draw
characters, such as ª┌,ª█,ª▄,ª▌,ª▀ ,ª▐, etc. Don't forget to set line
spacing back to normal when finished.
[EXAMPLE] \Center ─½╞ⁿ┐╖╩╣
Forces the system to print the string "─½╞ⁿ┐╖╩╣" at the center of the line.
[EXAMPLE] \Font(2) \Center ╞ⁿ╦▄ñ╬└»╝ú▓╚
\Font(1)
Forces the system to print "╞ⁿ╦▄ñ╬└»╝ú▓╚" in an larger size at the center of
the line, and then return to normal size to print the next line.
Here are two more points for using print format commands.
1) All commands must start with "\" at the very beginning of the Line,
To print a "\" character at the beginning of a line, use "\\".
2) More than one command can be written on a single line.
Finally, there is one special print format command that does not start with
a [\]. This is [~], which forces the system to print the next character in
"reverse" style character, that is, Thin instead of Bold.
Occasionally, the user might want to print some characters in reverse
font. For example, while the current file uses Thin style characters, one or
two characters should be printed in Bold font. Putting a [~] before
the character will make NJStar print this character in Bold font. For
example,
[EXAMPLE] ╠└╞ⁿñ╧íó~└º~╚≤ñΣñδñΦñªñ╦í¬
In this case, the last "└º╚≤" will be printed as a Bold style, while the
whole sentence will be in thin style.
This function only works for printers capable of using 24x24 or better
fonts.
UTILITY PRINTPS.EXE
NJStar supports postscript printers with a separate utility program,
PRINTPS.EXE. This program converts a EUC file to a set of PostScript files
according to the font and page size selected by the user. This program is
provided for registered users only; check UTILITY.DOC for more details.
=============================================================================
(This manual continues in NJSTAR3.DOC.)